{"id":1830,"date":"2023-06-15T10:39:51","date_gmt":"2023-06-15T07:39:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/?p=1830"},"modified":"2023-06-15T10:44:41","modified_gmt":"2023-06-15T07:44:41","slug":"mihai-eminescu-destinul-unui-geniu-literar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/mihai-eminescu-destinul-unui-geniu-literar\/","title":{"rendered":"Mihai Eminescu \u2013 Destinul unui geniu literar"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

Mihai Eminescu s-a n\u0103scut la Boto\u015fani la 15 ianuarie 1850. Este al \u015faptelea din cei unsprezece copii ai c\u0103minarului Gheorge Eminovici, provenit dintr-o familie de \u0163\u0103rani rom\u00e2ni din nordul Moldovei \u015fi al Raluc\u0103i Eminovici, n\u0103scut\u0103 Jura\u015fcu, fiic\u0103 de stolnic din Jolde\u015fti.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ce\u015fi petrece copil\u0103ria la Boto\u015fani \u015fi Ipote\u015fti, \u00een casa p\u0103rinteasc\u0103 \u015fi prin \u00eemprejurimi, \u00eentr-o total\u0103 libertate de mi\u015fcare \u015fi de contact cu oamenii \u015fi cu natura. Aceast\u0103 stare o evoc\u0103 cu ad\u00e2nc\u0103 nostalgie \u00een poezia de mai t\u00e2rziu.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00centre 1858 \u015fi 1866, urmeaz\u0103 cu intermiten\u0163e \u015fcoala la Cern\u0103u\u0163i. Termin\u0103 clasa a IV-a clasificat al cincilea din 82 de elevi, dup\u0103 care face dou\u0103 clase de gimnaziu. P\u0103r\u0103se\u015fte \u015fcoala \u00een 1863, revine ca privatist \u00een 1865 \u015fi pleac\u0103 din nou \u00een 1866. \u00centre timp, e angajat ca func\u0163ionar la diverse institu\u0163ii din Boto\u015fani (la Tribunal \u015fi Prim\u0103rie) sau pribege\u015fte cu trupa Tardini \u2013 Vl\u0103dicescu.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\u00a0Anul 1866 este anul primelor manifest\u0103ri literare ale lui Eminescu. \u00cen ianuarie moare profesorul de limba rom\u00e2n\u0103 Aron Pumnul \u015fi elevii scot o bro\u015fur\u0103 \u00een care apare \u015fi poezia \u201eLa morm\u00e2ntul lui Aron Pumnul\u201d semnat\u0103 M. Eminovici.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

La 9 martie debuteaz\u0103 \u00een revista \u201eFamilia\u201d, a lui Iosif Vulcan, cu poezia \u201eDe-a\u015f avea\u201d. Iosif Vulcan \u00eei schimb\u0103 numele \u00een Mihai Eminescu, adoptat apoi de poet \u015fi, mai t\u00e2rziu, \u015fi de al\u0163i membri ai familiei sale. \u00cen acela\u015fi an \u00eei mai apar \u00een \u201eFamilia\u201d \u00eenc\u0103 cinci poezii.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Din 1866 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1869, pribege\u015fte pe traseul Cern\u0103u\u0163i \u2013 Blaj \u2013 Sibiu \u2013 Giurgiu \u2013 Bucure\u015fti. Sunt ani de cunoa\u015ftere prin contact direct a poporului, a limbii, a obiceiurilor \u015fi a realit\u0103\u0163ilor rom\u00e2ne\u015fti.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

A inten\u0163ionat s\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi continue studiile, dar nu reu\u015fe\u015fte. Ajunge sufleor \u015fi copist de roluri \u00een trupa lui Iorgu Caragiali apoi sufleor \u015fi copist la Teatrul Na\u0163ional unde \u00eel cunoa\u015fte pe I.L. Caragiale. Continu\u0103 s\u0103 publice \u00een \u201eFamilia\u201d, scrie poezii, drame (Mira), fragmente de roman \u2013 \u201eGeniu pustiu\u201d, r\u0103mase \u00een manuscris; face traduceri din german\u0103.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00centre 1869 \u015fi 1872 este student la Viena. Urmeaz\u0103 ca auditor extraordinar Facultatea de Filozofie \u015fi Drept, dar audiaz\u0103 \u015fi cursuri de la alte facult\u0103\u0163i. Activeaz\u0103 \u00een r\u00e2ndul societ\u0103\u0163ilor studen\u0163e\u015fti, se \u00eemprietene\u015fte cu Ioan Slavici; o cunoa\u015fte la Viena pe Veronica Micle; \u00eencepe colaborarea la \u201eConvorbiri Literare\u201d; debuteaz\u0103 ca publicist \u00een ziarul \u201eAlbina\u201d din Pesta.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00centre 1872 \u015fi 1874 este student la Berlin. Junimea \u00eei acord\u0103 o burs\u0103 cu condi\u0163ia s\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi ia doctoratul \u00een filozofie. Urmeaz\u0103 cu regularitate dou\u0103 semestre, dar nu se prezint\u0103 la examene.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\u00a0Se \u00eentoarce \u00een \u0163ar\u0103, tr\u0103ind la Ia\u015fi \u00eentre 1874 \u2013 1877. E director al Bibliotecii Centrale, profesor suplinitor, revizor \u015fcolar pentru jude\u0163ele Ia\u015fi \u015fi Vaslui, redactor la ziarul \u201eCurierul de Ia\u015fi\u201d. Continu\u0103 s\u0103 publice \u00een \u201eConvorbiri Literare\u201d. Devine bun prieten cu Ion Creang\u0103 pe care \u00eel introduce la Junimea. Situa\u0163ia lui material\u0103 este nesigur\u0103; are necazuri \u00een familie; este \u00eendr\u0103gostit de Veronica Micle.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen 1877 se mut\u0103 la Bucure\u015fti, unde p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1883 este redactor, apoi redactor-\u015fef la ziarul \u201eTimpul\u201c. Desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 o activitate publicistic\u0103 excep\u0163ional\u0103, tot aici i se ruineaz\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103tatea. Acum scrie marile lui poeme (Scrisorile, Luceaf\u0103rul, etc.).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen iunie 1883, surmenat, poetul se \u00eemboln\u0103ve\u015fte grav, fiind internat la spitalul doctorului \u015eu\u0163u, apoi la un institut pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 Viena. \u00cen decembrie \u00eei apare volumul \u201ePoezii\u201d , cu o prefa\u0163\u0103 \u015fi cu texte selectate de Titu Maiorescu (e singurul volum tip\u0103rit \u00een timpul vie\u0163ii lui Eminescu). Unele surse pun la \u00eendoial\u0103 boala lui Eminescu \u015fi vin \u015fi cu argumente \u00een acest sens.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen anii 1883-1889 Eminescu scrie foarte pu\u0163in sau practic deloc.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mihai Eminescu se stinge din via\u0163\u0103 la 15 iunie 1889 \u00een casa de s\u0103n\u0103tate a doctorului \u015eu\u0163u. Este \u00eenmorm\u00e2ntat la Bucure\u015fti.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen \u201eVia\u0163a lui Mihai Eminescu\u201d (1932), G. C\u0103linescu a scris aceste emo\u0163ionante cuvinte despre moartea poetului: \u201eAstfel se stinse \u00een al optulea lustru de via\u0163\u0103 cel mai mare poet pe care l-a ivit \u015fi-l va ivi vreodat\u0103, poate, p\u0103m\u00e2ntul rom\u00e2nesc. Ape vor seca \u00een albie \u015fi peste locul \u00eengrop\u0103rii sale va r\u0103s\u0103rii p\u0103dure sau cetate, \u015fi c\u00e2te o stea va ve\u015fteji pe cer \u00een dep\u0103rt\u0103ri, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd acest p\u0103m\u00e2nt s\u0103-\u015fi str\u00e2ng\u0103 toate sevele \u015fi s\u0103 le ridice \u00een \u0163eava sub\u0163ire a altui crin de t\u0103ria parfumurilor sale\u201d.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

sursa: istoria.md<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  Mihai Eminescu s-a n\u0103scut la Boto\u015fani la 15 ianuarie 1850. Este al \u015faptelea din cei unsprezece copii ai c\u0103minarului Gheorge Eminovici, provenit dintr-o familie de \u0163\u0103rani rom\u00e2ni din nordul Moldovei \u015fi al Raluc\u0103i Eminovici, n\u0103scut\u0103 Jura\u015fcu, fiic\u0103 de stolnic din Jolde\u015fti.\u00a0 \u00ce\u015fi petrece copil\u0103ria la Boto\u015fani \u015fi Ipote\u015fti, \u00een casa p\u0103rinteasc\u0103 \u015fi prin \u00eemprejurimi, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":144,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[103],"tags":[41],"class_list":["post-1830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aniversari","tag-mihai-eminescu"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Mihai-Eminescu-grafica-Mihai-Catruna.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1830"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1830\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1833,"href":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1830\/revisions\/1833"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/144"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/a.ziarultecucean.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}